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Equation of a Parabola

Standard Form and Vertex Form Equations

 Standard Form Equation 
The standard form of a parabola's equation is generally expressed:
  • y = ax 2 + bx + c
    • The role of 'a'
      • If a> 0, the parabola opens upwards
      • if a< 0, it opens downwards.
    • The axis of symmetry
      • The axis of symmetry is the line x = -b/2a
Standard Form Equation Role
 Vertex Form of Equation  
The vertex form of a parabola's equation is generally expressed as :
y= a(x-h)2+k
  • (h,k) is the vertex
  • If a is positive then the parabola opens upwards like a regular "U".
  • If a is negative, then the graph opens downwards like an upside down "U".
  • If |a| > 1, the graph of the parabola widens. This just means that the "U" shape of parabola stretches out sideways .
  • If |a| < 1, the graph of the graph becomes narrower(The effect is the opposite of |a| > 1).

Practice Problems

Vertex and Direction-Vertex Form Equation




Part I

1) What is the graph of the following parabola y = (x–1)² + 1?
Answer


2) What is the graph of the following parabola y = –(x–1)² + 1?
Answer


3) What is the graph of the following parabola y = (x+2)² –3?
Answer

  Identifying the vertex in vertex form  



1) What is the vertex of the following parabola:
y = (x + 3)² + 4

Answer


2) Find the vertex of the following parabola:
y = (x - 3)² + 4
Answer


3) What is the vertex of the parabola whose vertex form equation is
y = (x - 2)² - 3


Answer





Part III

1) What is the vertex of a parabola with the following equation:
y=  2(x-3)2+4 ? Does the parabola open upwards or downwards?
 Answers  

2) If a parabola's equation is  y =  3(x+3)2 +4, what is its vertex? Which way does it open?
 Answers  

3) A parabola has the equation y = -22(x - 9)2 + 5. What is its vertex? Which way does the parabola open?
 Answers 

Practice finding the axis of symmetry given the vertex form equation of a parabola
 Vertex from Standard Form Equation 


The standard form equation of a parabola is
y = ax² + bx + c
To find the vertex of a parabola from the standard equation, use the following formula
  • The x corrdinate = -b/2a
  • To find the y coordinate substitute this value (-b/2a) into the equation



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